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MARCH 2023
#EUDefence
#StrategicCompass
S TR ATE G I C CO M PA S S
A STRATEGIC COMPASS FOR SECURITY AND DEFENCE
The EU needs to become a stronger and more capable actor in security and defence: both to protect the security of its
citizens and to act in crisis situations that affect the EU’s values and interests. With the Strategic Compass adopted in
March 2022, Member States have agreed on a common strategic vision for the EU’s role in security and defence and have
committed to a set of concrete and wide-ranging objectives to achieve these goals in the coming 5-10 years.
Europe must learn to speak the language of
power. Over the next decade, we will make a quantum
leap to become a more assertive and decisive security
provider, better prepared to tackle present and future
threats and challenges."
JOSEP BORRELL
High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy/
Vice-President of the European Commission
The world we face
A common strategic vision requires a shared understanding of the threats and challenges the EU will face in the
foreseeable future. The EU’s first- ever comprehensive threat analysis, presented in November 2022, was an important
basis for starting the work on the Strategic Compass. The Compass acknowledges that the Russian military aggression
against Ukraine constitutes a tectonic shift in European history. Overall, the Compass describes a European and global
security landscape that is more volatile, complex and fragmented than ever due to multi-layered threats.
Global level Regional level Threats against the EU
Principles of effective Traditional military threats and State and non-state actors
multilateralism questioned growing armed aggression, destabilising targeting the EU with hybrid tools,
economic and political rivalry interference/actions of state and including the misuse of disruptive
between global powers, climate non-state actors, conflict, state technologies, cyber-attacks,
change, competition for resources, fragility, and inter-state tensions disinformation, and other non-
instrumentalisation of irregular and external influences. military sources of malign influence,
migration, and threats to the and terrorism.
multilateral system.
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